Strategi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pembelajaran Interaktif: Studi Kualitatif di PAUD Mahkota Ratu

Nafisatul Mahmudah; Joko Setiawan; Feri Riski Dinata

doi:10.59698/afeksi.v7i2.1098

Authors

Nafisatul Mahmudah Institut Agama Islam Al Hikmah Lampung, Indonesia, Indonesia
Joko Setiawan Institut Agama Islam Al Hikmah Lampung, Indonesia, Indonesia
Feri Riski Dinata Institut Agama Islam Al Hikmah Lampung, Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59698/afeksi.v7i2.1098

Keywords:

Anak Usia Dini, Kemampuan Bahasa, Pembelajaran Interaktif, Strategi Guru, Scaffolding, Percakapan Guru-Anak

Abstract

Kemampuan bahasa anak usia dini berkembang melalui interaksi yang responsif dan kesempatan menggunakan bahasa dalam konteks bermakna. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi guru dalam mengembangkan kemampuan bahasa anak melalui pembelajaran interaktif di PAUD Mahkota Ratu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi proses pembelajaran, wawancara dengan guru, dan dokumentasi pembelajaran, kemudian dianalisis melalui reduksi/kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Kredibilitas temuan diperkuat melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru membangun lingkungan bahasa melalui kombinasi tanya jawab, bercerita, bernyanyi, bermain peran, gambar dan benda konkret, pengulangan kosakata, pemodelan kalimat, serta pertanyaan lanjutan. Interaksi berlangsung dua arah dan memberi kesempatan kepada anak untuk menyimak, menjawab, menggunakan kosakata, menceritakan pengalaman, serta melakukan percakapan sederhana dengan guru dan teman. Guru menyesuaikan tingkat stimulus dan bantuan berdasarkan kemampuan serta keberanian anak dalam berkomunikasi. Faktor pendukung meliputi kreativitas guru, media sederhana, suasana kelas komunikatif, dan tema yang dekat dengan pengalaman anak; sedangkan tantangan utama ialah heterogenitas kemampuan dan keberanian berbicara. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran interaktif yang efektif bukan sekadar penggunaan beragam metode, melainkan orkestrasi interaksi yang responsif: guru memantik tuturan, menanggapi respons anak, memperluas percakapan, dan memberikan scaffolding secara adaptif. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kualitas percakapan guru-anak sebagai mekanisme pedagogis dalam pengembangan bahasa di PAUD.

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